1 Kings 7:2

Authorized King James Version

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He built also the house of the forest of Lebanon; the length thereof was an hundred cubits, and the breadth thereof fifty cubits, and the height thereof thirty cubits, upon four rows of cedar pillars, with cedar beams upon the pillars.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּ֜בֶן He built H1129
וַיִּ֜בֶן He built
Strong's: H1129
Word #: 1 of 23
to build (literally and figuratively)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 23
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בֵּ֣ית׀ also the house H1004
בֵּ֣ית׀ also the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 3 of 23
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יַ֣עַר of the forest H3293
יַ֣עַר of the forest
Strong's: H3293
Word #: 4 of 23
a copse of bushes; hence, a forest; hence, honey in the comb (as hived in trees)
הַלְּבָנ֗וֹן of Lebanon H3844
הַלְּבָנ֗וֹן of Lebanon
Strong's: H3844
Word #: 5 of 23
lebanon, a mountain range in palestine
מֵאָ֨ה thereof was an hundred H3967
מֵאָ֨ה thereof was an hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 6 of 23
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
אַמָּ֖ה cubits H520
אַמָּ֖ה cubits
Strong's: H520
Word #: 7 of 23
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)
אָרְכּוֹ֙ the length H753
אָרְכּוֹ֙ the length
Strong's: H753
Word #: 8 of 23
length
וַֽחֲמִשִּׁ֤ים thereof fifty H2572
וַֽחֲמִשִּׁ֤ים thereof fifty
Strong's: H2572
Word #: 9 of 23
fifty
אַמָּ֖ה cubits H520
אַמָּ֖ה cubits
Strong's: H520
Word #: 10 of 23
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)
רָחְבּ֔וֹ and the breadth H7341
רָחְבּ֔וֹ and the breadth
Strong's: H7341
Word #: 11 of 23
width (literally or figuratively)
וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים thereof thirty H7970
וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים thereof thirty
Strong's: H7970
Word #: 12 of 23
thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
אַמָּ֖ה cubits H520
אַמָּ֖ה cubits
Strong's: H520
Word #: 13 of 23
properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)
קֽוֹמָת֑וֹ and the height H6967
קֽוֹמָת֑וֹ and the height
Strong's: H6967
Word #: 14 of 23
height
עַ֗ל H5921
עַ֗ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 15 of 23
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
אַרְבָּעָה֙ upon four H702
אַרְבָּעָה֙ upon four
Strong's: H702
Word #: 16 of 23
four
טוּרֵי֙ rows H2905
טוּרֵי֙ rows
Strong's: H2905
Word #: 17 of 23
a row; hence, a wall
הָֽעַמּוּדִֽים׃ pillars H5982
הָֽעַמּוּדִֽים׃ pillars
Strong's: H5982
Word #: 18 of 23
a column (as standing); also a stand, i.e., platform
אֲרָזִ֖ים of cedar H730
אֲרָזִ֖ים of cedar
Strong's: H730
Word #: 19 of 23
a cedar tree (from the tenacity of its roots)
וּכְרֻת֥וֹת beams H3773
וּכְרֻת֥וֹת beams
Strong's: H3773
Word #: 20 of 23
something cut, i.e., a hewn timber
אֲרָזִ֖ים of cedar H730
אֲרָזִ֖ים of cedar
Strong's: H730
Word #: 21 of 23
a cedar tree (from the tenacity of its roots)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 22 of 23
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הָֽעַמּוּדִֽים׃ pillars H5982
הָֽעַמּוּדִֽים׃ pillars
Strong's: H5982
Word #: 23 of 23
a column (as standing); also a stand, i.e., platform

Analysis & Commentary

He built also the house of the forest of Lebanon; the length thereof was an hundred cubits, and the breadth thereof fifty cubits, and the height thereof thirty cubits, upon four rows of cedar pillars, with cedar beams upon the pillars.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of temple furnishings and solomon's palace, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us').

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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